一, Solid electrolytic capacitor
Solid capacitor is called: solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors. The biggest difference between it and ordinary capacitors (ie liquid aluminum electrolytic capacitors) is that different dielectric materials are used. The liquid aluminum capacitor dielectric material is electrolyte, and the solid capacitor dielectric material is conductive polymer material.
二, the advantages of solid electrolytic capacitor
1.High stability
Solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors can continue to work stably in high temperature environments. Solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors can directly improve the performance of the motherboard. At the same time, it is suitable for power supply filtering due to its stable impedance over a wide temperature range. It can effectively provide a stable and abundant power supply, which is especially important in overclocking.
Solid capacitors still work well in high temperature environments, maintaining a variety of electrical performance. Its capacitance does not vary by more than 15% over the full temperature range, significantly better than liquid electrolytic capacitors. At the same time, the capacitance of the solid electrolytic capacitor is basically independent of its working voltage, thus ensuring its stable operation in a voltage fluctuation environment.
2. Long life
Solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors have an extremely long service life (more than 50 years of service life). Compared with liquid aluminum electrolytic capacitors, it can be counted as “long life”. It will not be broken down, and there is no need to worry about the electrolyte electrolyte drying and leakage affecting the stability of the motherboard. Due to the lack of liquid electrolyte problems, solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors make the motherboard more stable and reliable.
Solid electrolytes do not evaporate and even burn like liquid electrolytes in high heat environments. Even if the temperature of the capacitor exceeds its tolerance, the solid electrolyte is only melted, which does not cause the capacitor metal casing to burst and is therefore safe.
The working temperature directly affects the life of the electrolytic capacitor. The solid electrolytic capacitor and the liquid electrolytic capacitor have a significantly longer life in different temperature environments.
3. Low ESR and high rated ripple current
ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) refers to the series equivalent resistance, which is a very important indicator of capacitance. The lower the ESR, the faster the capacitor charge and discharge. This performance directly affects the decoupling performance of the microprocessor power supply circuit. The advantages of the low ESR characteristics of the solid electrolytic capacitor in the high frequency circuit are more obvious. It can be said that the low ESR characteristic at high frequencies is a watershed between the performance difference between solid electrolytic capacitors and liquid capacitors. Solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors have very low ESR with very little energy dissipation. The extremely low ESR characteristics of solid capacitors under high temperature, high frequency and high power operating conditions can fully absorb the high amplitude voltage generated between the power lines in the circuit to prevent its interference with the system.
At present, the CPU power consumption is very large, the main frequency has far exceeded 1GHz, and the peak current of the CPU reaches 80A or more, and the output filter capacitor is close to the working critical point. On the other hand, the CPU uses a variety of operating modes, most of which are in the conversion process of the operating mode. When the CPU changes from a low-power state to a full-load state, the large amount of energy required for the instantaneous (usually less than 5 milliseconds) switching of the CPU comes from the capacitance in the CPU power supply circuit. At this time, the high-speed charge and discharge characteristics of the solid capacitor can be instantaneous. Output high peak current to ensure sufficient power supply and ensure stable CPU operation.
三, the main application areas of solid electrolytic capacitor
1 The impedance-frequency curve of a solid aluminum capacitor approximates an ideal capacitor, so it is particularly suitable as a filter capacitor to remove various noises such as ripple, pulse, digital, static and audio in the circuit;
2 Solid aluminum capacitors have a large ripple current, so they can be used as switching power supply filter capacitors, greatly reducing the number or volume of capacitors used, and miniaturizing the circuit;
3 Solid aluminum capacitors can be quickly discharged and can be used as backup capacitors in high-speed circuits that consume large currents;
4 The ESR value of solid aluminum capacitors hardly changes with temperature, so it can be applied to equipment in low temperature environment (down to -55 °C);
5 Solid aluminum capacitors have an extremely long life (85 ° C life up to 50,000 h, solid aluminum capacitors generally follow 10 times the life / temperature per 20 ° C law), therefore, can be used for industrial equipment for long-term use.
